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Seeds of Species with Sedative Properties :
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Arctopus echinatus :
The roots have potent sedative properties.
Bolusanthus speciosus :
There is a substance in the roots which is reputed to have a sleep-inducing effect.
Chironia baccifera :
Reported to produce sleepiness.
Grewia bicolor :
The flowers contain farnesol, which is antagonistic to the excitant effects of caffeine and potentiates the hypnotic effect of barbiturates without being hypnotic itself. It has also been found to have psycho-sedative action.
Helichrysum odoratissimum :
The smoke is inhaled by traditional healers (sangomas) to induce a trance state.
Smoke from burning leaves is sedative and is also inhaled for pain relief.
Helichrysum, known as `imphepho', is burned as a ritual incense with the purpose of invoking the ancestors.
Milletia grandis :
Roots are burned in the hut as a tranquillizer to dispel worries.
Recipes also exist for sleep-inducing cures based on the roots.
Momordica foetida & Momordica involucrata :
The Zulus take an infusion or a decoction of the runners as a sedative.
Pittosporum viridiflorum :
Root infusions are used for accuracy in divining.
Roots and bark are also used as aphrodisiacs, and are sometimes added to beer.
Bark decoctions also have analgesic (pain-killing) and calming effects (sedative).
Active saponins have been isolated from the plant.
Rauvolfia caffra :
The bark is used as an intoxicant in Tanzania by the Chagga.
In the Transkei, bark is used by traditional healers as a tranquillizer for patients believed to have been possessed by spirits.
Dried leaves are used as a snuff for headaches.
Stems are used for making beer.
Blood-purifying decoctions are made from the rootbark.
Bark is used in medicines for abdominal pain, and also to ward off evil spirits.
In Kenya, the leaves are used to help newly circumcised boys to sleep.
Rootbark contains the alkaloid reserpine, which has a sedative and tranquillizing effect but is not hypnotic.
The alkaloid yohimbine is also present in Rauvolfia.
Stephania abyssinica :
Pain-killing and tranquillizing effects are known from this species.
The root also has aphrodisiac effects.
Sutherlandia frutescens :
The seeds and leaves are smoked by labourers as a cannabis substitute in Namaqualand.
The leaves are sedative when smoked.
The leaves are also smoked for extreme pain.
Tecomaria capensis :
Powdered bark relieves pain, is a sedative, and induces sleep.
Vangueria infausta :
Decoctions of macerated roots are taken as aphrodisiacs.
Trees are reputed to induce sleep during the flowering season.
Withania somnifera :
Is used as a panacea (cure-all), an aphrodisiac, and for anti-ageing effects.
Excellent results have been recorded from an alcoholic preparation of Withania; the effects are hypnotic.
A watery extract is slightly narcotic. Withania is also a sedative.
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