Upata - Phyllanthus discoideus
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Ethnobotanical Uses :
Powders known as `umkhwangu' are used as snuff for headaches.Root infusions are taken as love charm emetics.
Ash from the bark is in an ingredient in an ointment applied locally for lumbar pain and is also rubbed into scarifications on the body as a stimulant and tonic.
In Zimbabwe, the roots are applied to cuts made on the body to overcome pain from pneumonia.
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Chemical constituents :
Securinine and the minor alkaloid, allosecurinine, have been found in rootbark (0.5%),
Stembark (0.2%), and leaves (0.06%).
The alkaloids phyllalbine, securinine, phyllochrysine (allosecurinine), phyllanthine (methoxy-securinine)
and phyllanthidine have been isolated from rootbark (Foussard-Blanpin et al. 1967).
Securinine has a similar stimulating action to strychnine on the CNS but is ten times less toxic (Tourova, 1957).
It has been used successfully in various neuropsychic complaints.
Both phyllochrysine and securinine are sympathomimetic and excite the CNS.
Phyllalbine chloride has peripheral sympathomimetic properties and slightly inhibits monoamine oxidase
and stimulates the suprarenal glands, producing secretion of adrenaline.
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Also of interest is Phyllanthus reticulatus :
The root-bark is used to ensure visions.
Froth from rootbark, stirred in water, gives native diviners clear and penetrating vision.
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