Bark decoctions are taken as emetics after excessive beer drinking or to treat those who abuse alcohol.
Bark is used in red bark mixtures known as `ikhubalo' to ward off evil.
They are also used to strengthen the body.
Bark is used to make the red dye for sangomas cloaks (indigenous diviner healers.)
The bark is also used in purification rites.
Smoke from the leaves is inhaled for nosebleeds.